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A metropolitan planning organization (MPO) is a federally mandated and federally funded transportation policy-making organization in the United States that is made up of representatives from local government and governmental transportation authorities. The United States Congress passed the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1962, which required the formation of an MPO for any urbanized area (UZA) with a population greater than 50,000. Federal funding for transportation projects and programs are channeled through this planning process. Congress created MPOs in order to ensure that existing and future expenditures of governmental funds for transportation projects and programs are based on a continuing, cooperative, and comprehensive (“3‑C”) planning process. Statewide and metropolitan transportation planning processes are governed by federal law (). Transparency through public access to participation in the planning process and electronic publication of plans now is required by federal law. As of 2015, there are 408 MPOs in the United States.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=MPO Boundary Data )〕 ==Purpose== Why MPOs are essential: * Transportation investment means allocating scarce federal and other transportation funding resources appropriately; * Planning needs to reflect the region’s shared vision for its future; * Adequate transportation planning requires a comprehensive examination of the region’s future and investment alternatives; and * An MPO is needed to facilitate collaboration of governments, interested parties, and residents in the planning process. In other words, the federal government wished to see federal transportation funds spent in a manner that has a basis in metropolitan region-wide plans developed through intergovernmental collaboration, rational analysis, and consensus-based decision making. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Metropolitan planning organization」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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